What type of tooth movement does the term "intrusion" refer to?

The term "intrusion" specifically refers to the downward movement of teeth within the alveolar bone. In orthodontics, intrusion is a critical movement mainly applied to move the teeth deeper into the bone, which can be necessary for aligning the occlusion and correcting bite discrepancies. This movement is often used in cases where overeruption of adjacent teeth has occurred, or when the objective is to close spaces, enhance esthetics, or adjust the occlusion.

Intrusion is typically achieved using specific appliances or forces that apply a vertical force to the teeth, enabling them to move towards the bone. This concept is key in orthodontic treatment plans, as achieving the proper position of the teeth is vital for functional and aesthetic outcomes. Understanding the mechanics of tooth movement, particularly intrusion, helps orthodontic practitioners effectively diagnose and treat malocclusions.