What type of force results in tipping of the tooth?

Tipping of a tooth occurs when a force is applied to the crown, creating a moment that causes the tooth to tilt around its center of resistance. The center of resistance is located within the root of the tooth, and when a force is exerted on the crown, it produces both a translational movement and a rotational movement around this point. This specific force application can be visualized as pushing down on the top of a seesaw, where the pivot point is analogous to the center of resistance of the tooth.

When the force is directly applied to the apex, it would primarily cause a translation without much tipping effect since the center of resistance would not generate the necessary moment for rotation. Similarly, lateral forces may lead to different types of movements such as drifts but not specifically tipping as each would create a different biomechanical response. Thus, the force applied to the crown is the key factor leading to tipping motion in orthodontic treatments.