What happens if excessive forces are used during orthodontic treatment?

Using excessive forces during orthodontic treatment can lead to unwanted tooth movement or damage due to several biomechanical and biological factors. When the force applied to teeth exceeds the optimal range, it can overwhelm the periodontal tissues, including the bone and periodontal ligaments that stabilize the tooth structure. This can result in unintended movements of teeth, such as tipping rather than bodily movement, or even cause root resorption and mobility issues.

Additionally, excessive forces can disrupt the normal remodeling of the alveolar bone around the teeth, which is essential for healthy movement during orthodontic treatment. This disruption can hinder the body's ability to adapt and remodel effectively, potentially leading to prolonged treatment times and the need for adjustments in orthodontic plans.

This understanding underscores the importance of applying forces that are not only effective but also safe to ensure that the desired outcomes are achieved without risk to the teeth or surrounding structures.