What formula is used to calculate the moment of a force?

The moment of a force, also known as torque, is calculated using the formula where the moment is equal to the force applied multiplied by the distance from the point of rotation (or pivot point) to the line of action of that force. This relationship is fundamental in physics and engineering, as it helps to determine how effectively a force can cause an object to rotate about a point.

The reason this formula is correct is that it reflects how both the magnitude of the force and the distance from the pivot point contribute to the rotational effect. A greater force or a longer distance results in a larger moment, which can help in tasks requiring rotation, such as turning a wrench or rotating a door handle.

Each of the other options relates to different physical principles. The second option discusses Newton's second law of motion, where mass and acceleration determine the force, not the moment. The third option combines weight and height, which is more relevant in calculating potential energy rather than torque. The fourth option involves pressure and volume, relevant in contexts such as fluid mechanics and gas laws, but not applicable in calculating moments of forces.