How is 'biomechanics' defined in the context of orthodontics?

In orthodontics, biomechanics is defined as the study of the mechanical behavior of biologic tissues in response to applied forces. This concept is critical as it helps orthodontists understand how different forces interact with the teeth and surrounding structures, including alveolar bone, periodontal ligaments, and soft tissues, during orthodontic treatment.

When orthodontic appliances are used, they exert forces on the teeth, causing them to move through the bone. Biomechanics examines how these forces affect the biological response of the tissues that support the teeth. It encompasses principles from physics and biology, allowing practitioners to design treatment plans that effectively move teeth while minimizing potential damage to surrounding tissues.

By understanding the mechanical behavior of tissues, orthodontists can optimize appliance design, force application, and treatment timing, leading to more efficient and effective outcomes for patients. This deep knowledge is fundamental in ensuring that treatments not only achieve desired tooth movement but do so in a way that promotes the health of the periodontium and the surrounding structures.